Biotic processes refer to the biological interactions and activities that occur within ecosystems, including the relationships between organisms such as predator-prey interactions, competition, and symbiosis. These processes drive the flow of energy and nutrients within ecosystems, ultimately shaping their structure and functioning. Studying biotic processes is essential for understanding ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Researchers in this area often investigate how biotic interactions influence species abundance, distribution, behavior, and evolution. Additionally, they may explore how human activities, such as habitat destruction and climate change, impact biotic processes and the overall health of ecosystems.